This article considers the presence of modernist elements in poetry from the second half of the 20th century, focusing in particular on Russian and Ukrainian examples. We argue for the necessity of properly recognizing and analyzing modernist phenomena in a period (1960s-1980s) when these have often been eclipsed by a tendency in literary criticism to overstate the role of Postmodernism. We also examine differences in the Western and Soviet cultural contexts and in the roles that Neomodernist poetics played in the poetry of various authors, groups and texts.
In this essay, I analyse how identities are constructed in Ukrainian underground poetry of the late Soviet period. On the basis of selected poems by Mykhailo Hryhoriv and Vasyl' Stus, I explore the complex dynamics between the explicit commitment to fostering national identity that is often regarded as a standard duty of Ukrainian writers and the pursuit of a transnational, purely literary identity as part of a wider embrace of the modernist imagination.
Contemporary research increasingly recognizes the role of community archives in preserving evidence of the pasts of identity groups, validating their historical experience, and thus furthering the goals of social justice and equality. Such values underlie the Association of Ukrainians in Victoria (Australia) Archival Project, which the present article places into the broader context of Ukrainian community archival collections in the state of Victoria. Data obtained through interview have enabled a descriptive survey of such collections, which are found to be concentrated in a handful of "archival clusters" in suburban Melbourne and regional Victoria. The most typical contents of the collections—records of the proceedings and activities of community secular and religious organizations—reflect the dominant role in the community's life of organizations established by post-World War II immigrants. The collections constitute a rich resource for research into the part of the community encompassed by these organizations, even if, as a rule, at least at present, they are not well ordered or described. They are less revealing of the experience of immigrants who arrived later or were less inclined to join community organizations. Lack of resources, both human and material, confronts the mainly volunteer officeholders who are responsible for the organizations' archives. In consequence, collections are often inadequately and sometimes unsafely housed, and in general only informally organized; finding aids or descriptions of them are seldom available. Initiatives taken by some organizations suggest that there is growing awareness among community activists of the potential value of archives for showing and interpreting the community to itself and to others.
WOS: 000398562100001 ; PubMed ID: 28387361 ; Human mitochondrial DNA haplogroup U is among the initial maternal founders in Southwest Asia and Europe and one that best indicates matrilineal genetic continuity between late Pleistocene huntergatherer groups and present-day populations of Europe. While most haplogroup U subclades are older than 30 thousand years, the comparatively recent coalescence time of the extant variation of haplogroup U7 (-16-19 thousand years ago) suggests that its current distribution is the consequence of more recent dispersal events, despite its wide geographical range across Europe, the Near East and South Asia. Here we report 267 new U7 mitogenomes that -analysed alongside 100 published ones -enable us to discern at least two distinct temporal phases of dispersal, both of which most likely emanated from the Near East. The earlier one began prior to the Holocene (-11.5 thousand years ago) towards South Asia, while the later dispersal took place more recently towards Mediterranean Europe during the Neolithic (-8 thousand years ago). These findings imply that the carriers of haplogroup U7 spread to South Asia and Europe before the suggested Bronze Age expansion of Indo-European languages from the Pontic-Caspian Steppe region. ; Estonian Institutional Research grant [IUT24-1]; ERC Starting Investigator grant [FP7-261213]; EU European Regional Development Fund through the Centre of Excellence in Genomics to Estonian Biocentre; Estonian Research Council grant [PUT1339, PUT1217, PUT766]; University of Pavia strategic theme "Towards a governance model for international migration: an interdisciplinary and diachronic perspective" (MIGRAT-IN-G); Italian Ministry of Education, University and Research: Futuro in Ricerca [RBFR126B8I]; Progetti Ricerca Interesse Nazionale; Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Government of India (GENESIS) [BSC0121, BSC 0118]; National geographic Society through Genographic Project Research Grant [6-13]; European Social Fund's Doctoral Studies and Internationalisation Programme DoRa; Leverhulme Trust's Doctoral Scholarship programme; University of Huddersfield's University Research Fund and Research Excellent Staff Scheme; FCT Investigator Programme [IF/01641/2013] ; We thank all the DNA donors who participated in this study. This study was supported by Estonian Institutional Research grant IUT24-1 (to H.S., E.M., M.R., M.M., T.K., and R.V.); ERC Starting Investigator grant (FP7-261213) (to T.K.); EU European Regional Development Fund through the Centre of Excellence in Genomics to Estonian Biocentre; Estonian Research Council grant PUT1339 (to A.K.), PUT1217 (to Kr.T.) and PUT766 (to G.C.); the University of Pavia strategic theme "Towards a governance model for international migration: an interdisciplinary and diachronic perspective" (MIGRAT-IN-G); the Italian Ministry of Education, University and Research: Futuro in Ricerca 2012 (RBFR126B8I) (to A.A. and A.O.) and Progetti Ricerca Interesse Nazionale 2012 (to A.A., O.S., and A.T.); the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Government of India (GENESIS: BSC0121) and (BSC 0118) (to Ku.T.); S.S. and E.R. acknowledge the support of National geographic Society through Genographic Project Research Grant (6-13). R.T. and A.K.P. were supported by the European Social Fund's Doctoral Studies and Internationalisation Programme DoRa. M.B.R. received support from the Leverhulme Trust's Doctoral Scholarship programme, and F.G. from the University of Huddersfield's University Research Fund and Research Excellent Staff Scheme. P.S. was supported by the FCT Investigator Programme (IF/01641/2013).
